Studies have shown that 50% of people between 1864 years of age have one or more sites with recession and 23. Gingival recession is t he exposure of root surfaces due to migration of the gingival. In the cases presented, the etiologies of the gingival recession were scarce vestibular depth and inadequate width of keratinized gingiva. The relation between the gingival recession area and smile line 6. The most common cause for gingival recession was dental plaque accumulation 44. Considering the adverse effects of the gingival recession, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and causes of mandibular incisors gingival recession in students aged 612 years, in hamadan, iran. What to do about receding gums trusted health products. Location of the gingival margin apical to the cej aap how much recession is out there.
Management of gingival recession in the orthodontic patient. Gingival recession refers to apical migration of the gingival margin. Evaluation of gingival recession in leftand righthanded. The etiology of gingival recession is multifactorial. The role of trauma from occlusion in the etiology of gingival recession is questioned. Gingival recession is the most common and undesirable condition of the gingiva. Before considering any therapeutic strategies for gingival recession defects, it is important. Gingival recession causes and cures gingival recession occurs when the gum line wears away or recedes from the teeth, leaving the tooth roots exposed. May 28, 2017 gingival recession is limited to one tooth or extends to multiple teeth 2. Gingival recession is associated with oral exposure of the root surface due to a displacement of the gingival margin apical to the cementoenamel junction. Tongue and lip rings can cause trauma to the marginal gingiva as can iatrogenic damage from scaling or other dental treatment and factitious habits, such as using. Gingival recession can be defined as the displacement of the marginal tissue apical to the cementoenamel junction cej see aap glossary of terms.
The interdental gingiva of mesial and distal aspects of. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of. Gingival recession on the labial aspect of both maxillary central incisors, which extended apically to about onehalf of the root length. Gingival recession pathophysiology can be divided into the following. Recession may lead to a mucogingival problem characterised by gingival inflammation in an area of limited or no attached tissue figure 2. Etiology typical causes of recession are trauma, periodontitis, tooth position or local inflammation wennstrom and prato 2003. The recession is determined by the apical migration of the gingival. Tooth brushing it is the most common factor associated with gingival recession and also explains the relatively low levels of plaque at the sites of recession. When teeth are healthy, gum tissue fits around each tooth like a cuff.
Causes and predisposing factors for gingival recession jkcd june 2019, vol. Gum recession is the process in which the margin of the gum tissue that surrounds the teeth wears away, or pulls back, exposing more of the tooth, or the tooths root. The common etiologic factors are 1 local factors, 2 periodontal disease, 3 mechanical forces, 4 iatrogenic factors, and 5 anatomical factors. Smoking is one of the most important risk factors for periodontitis that affects the prevalence, extent and severity of disease. Prevalence and etiology of gingival recession gorman 1967. The causes of gingival recession and how it can be treated. Etiology of gingival recession determining the etiology of the gingival recession is. Outcome at the end of this chapter the reader will be aware of the limited range of conditions that give rise to localised gingival recession and be able to recognise when referral may be prudent. Periodontal plastic surgery is now an important tool in the armamentarium of the clinician treating gingival. Jan 08, 2012 gingival recession slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising.
In latest research, 8001,000 species that colonize the oral cavity were identified, nevertheless only about 50. It is characterized by displacement of gingival margin apically from cementenamel junction cej and exposure of root surface to the oral environment. A positive, significant correlation was present between gingival recession and bone dehiscence. It is also known as chronic trauma, especially due to inappropriate daily brushing, and it physically wounds gingival tissues figs 2, 3, 6. The term atrophy makes reference to all processes of cell lesion characterized by a decrease in volume and cell population of a given organ or tissue, resulting from sublethal cell aggression, such as hypoxia, mechanical compression, local reduced vascularization, among others. View the article pdf and any associated supplements and figures for a period of 48 hours. This book is designed to serve as a clear and concise clinical manual that covers all aspects of the current management of gingival recession, with a particular focus on surgical techniques with the adjunctive use of autogenous tissues or soft tissue substitutes for recession coverage. The etiology of gingival recession is multifactorial, and its appearance is always the result of more than one factor acting together. Recession defects are one of the most common findings in periodontal problems affecting individuals of almost all ages to some degree. Gum recession can cause problems for your dental health. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between gingival recession and the hand, right or left, duration, frequency, and. The etiology of gingival recession is multifactorial, and its appearance is always the result of more than one.
Gingival recession was commonly seen in mandibular incisors 43. Gum recession is a major concern for many of our patients due to the poor esthetics and the possibility of sensitivity and decay. Neglecting gum health allows periodontitis to occur, which causes gums to detach from the surfaces of teeth. Prevalence and etiology of gingival recession gorman. Whether the area of recession protrudes labially from the dental arch 5. In gingival recession cases, the first mechanism responsible for causing apical gingival.
The etiology and prevalence of gingival recession jada. The multifactorial etiology, decision modality, and current trends followed in the treatment of gingival recession. Gingival recession associated with orthodontic treatment and. Amount and thickness of existing keratinized gingiva in the area of recession 4. Periodontal evaluation included gingival score, plaque score, gingival recession, clinical attachment loss and mea surement of width of attached gingival. This edition of perio news explores root coverage with gingival tissue, looking particularly at rationale, predictability, and techniques. A clinical manual gingival recession is a highly prevalent problem affecting individuals of all ages worldwide. Gingival recession management a clinical manual adrian. Gingival recession and tooth mobility bernimoulin 1977. Etiology and the contributing factors are chief when deciding on appropriate treatment procedures for patients with localized gingival recession. In 17 of the subjects, tooth mobility of 29 homologous contralateral teeth with and without gingival recession was compared. The correlation association between age, dental plaque, gingival inflammation, clinical attachment loss, width of attached gingiva and gingival recession was.
Etiology of gingival recession american journal of orthodontics. Request pdf etiology and prevalence of gingival recession. Its caused by bacteria that have accumulated on the teeth and gums. Diagnosis and treatment of gingival recession decisions in.
Surgical periodontal treatments result in esthetic improvement, elimination of sensitivity, and less risk of developing root caries. Before considering any therapeutic strategies for gingival recession defects, it is important to identify the underlying etiological factors that contributed to the development of the clinical condition. Fgg can a viable alternative in the treatment of gingival recession. Gingival recession occurs when the location of the gingival margin lies apical to the cementoenamel junction cej, leading to exposure of the root surface figure 1. Demographic data age and gender, tooth type, clinical crown length and form, keratinized gingiva. Gingival recession causes and management establishment of the correct anatomical relationship in a more apical position. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website.
Gingival recession with associated noncarious cervical lesions figure 4. There are a number of causes for this condition, but its often a symptom of poor oral hygiene or a side effect of using. In a tooth with gum recession, the gum tissue has pulled away from the tooth. Jan 15, 2015 this chapter aims to outline the principal causes of localised gingival recession, including those associated with underlying systemic disease. In this crosssectional study, a sample of 1200 students were randomly selected. However, many dental treatments can help restore the gums around the teeth.
Pdf etiology and occurrence of gingival recession an. Download pdf gingival recession management dencyclopedia. Gingival recession an overview sciencedirect topics. There are two factors to consider when trying to determine the root cause of gingival recession. Gingival recession, classification for gingival recession, palatal recession. However, several studies have indicated that this is not just an adult disease, but also appears frequently in children escudero et al. Periodontal plastic surgery is now an important tool in the armamentarium of the clinician treating gingival recessions, and practitioners at all levels will find.
It exposes the fragile roots of the teeth to bacteria and plaque and can lead to decay. Gingival recession is a common condition in the adult population and is related to several undesirable conditions such as unaesthetic appearance, root caries, and hypersensitivity. Millers class i gingival recession was more commonly seen. The treatment of gingival recessions represents a daily clinical challenge due to the main aesthetic problems associated with it. Treatments for gingival recession include gingival grafting, guided tissue regeneration and orthodontic therapy. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of smoking on gingival recession. Jun 07, 2017 gum recession is a major concern for many of our patients due to the poor esthetics and the possibility of sensitivity and decay. The etiology and prevalence of gingival recession sciencedirect. Receding gums gums that recede to expose the root surfaces of teeth is a common condition in adults over the age of 40. Therefore, a single factor alone may not necessarily result in the development of gingival recession. Apr 04, 2016 gingival recession is represented by atrophic periodontal changes. If you have gum recession, your dentist can help you understand the causes and recommend a treatment. The gingival morphology and tissue biotype have an influence on the likelihood of recession. Sometimes it happens even if a person takes good care of his or her teeth.
Traumatic mechanical toothbrushing is a factor in the etiology of gingival recession. Sep 23, 2011 gingival recession is the displacement of the gingival soft tissue margin apical to the cementoenamel junction which results in exposure of the root surface. Effect of smoking on gingival recession semantic scholar. Gingival recession results in the gradual displacement of cementoenamel junction away from the root. Many consider it to be just a sign of aging, and in some cases it is essentially that.
Etiology and occurrence of gingival recession an epidemiological. Gingival recession, etiology, orthodontic, treatment, free gingival. American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedicsvol. Gingival recession happens after a person has experienced a loss of tissue in the gum. To determine the influence of different clinical and periodontal parameters on the severity of gingival recession.
Dentists should be knowledgeable about the etiology, prevalence and associating factors of gingival recession, as well as treatment options, so that appropriate treatment modalities can be offered to patients. It is important to note the etiology of gingival recession is multifactorial. Treatments for gingival recession include gingival. Aetiology and severity of gingival recession in an adult. This book is designed to function a clear and concise clinical guide that covers all components of the modern control of gingival recession, with a particular cognizance on surgical strategies with the adjunctive use of autogenous tissues or smooth tissue substitutes for recession coverage. Management of gingival recession in the orthodontic patient dominiki chatzopoulou, dipds, mclin dent in perio eng, and ama johal, bds, phd, fds orth rcs gingival recession gr is a common periodontal condition that affects a large portion of the young and adult population and negatively affects the esthetic aspects of the smile. Recession is measured by the distance from the cej to the gingival margin, but the gingival margin in health typically covers mm of the crown and does not rest at the cej. Several factors have been implicated in the etiology of gingival recession. Ebscohost serves thousands of libraries with premium essays, articles and other content including the etiology and prevalence of gingival recession.
Traumatically using the tooth brush as well as other oral hygiene agents over delicate gingival margins on a daily basis might gradually and slowly lead to gingival recession. The recession of the gingiva is increasingly becoming a prominent condition in the oral health of many patients and should be treated at its earliest detection. Gingival recession, classification, treatment options. In the cases presented, the etiologies of the gingival recession. Gingival recession is the exposure of root surfaces due to apical migration of the gingival tissue margins. Approximately half of the subjects examined exhibited gingival recession.
Gingival recession gr is the term that designates the oral exposure of the root. Gingival hyperplasia is an overgrowth of gum tissue around the teeth. Etiology and prevalence of gingival recession springerlink. Clinical and periodontal predictive factors of severity in. The recession of the gingiva is increasingly becoming a more prominent condition in the oral health of many patients and should be treated at its earliest detection. Gingival recession is defined as the apical shift of the gingival margin with respect to the cemento. Gingival recession, also known as receding gums, is the exposure in the roots of the teeth caused by a loss of gum tissue andor retraction of the gingival margin from the crown of the teeth. A clinical manual pdf this book is designed to serve as a clear and concise clinical manual that covers all aspects of the current management of gingival recession, with a particular focus on surgical techniques with the adjunctive use of autogenous tissues or soft tissue substitutes for recession. Treating early signs of gum disease like bleeding and sore gums will keep recession at bay. Gingival recession is a highly prevalent problem affecting individuals of all ages worldwide. Study of etiology and prevalence of gingival recession in. Several factors have been stated to play a role in recession inadequate tooth brushing,10 destructive.
After 1 week, the antiviral therapy was completely successful. Gingival recession associated with orthodontic treatment. Nov 20, 2018 it is important to note the etiology of gingival recession is multifactorial. Gingival recession is an unsightly condition due to root exposure. Based on these clinical features, diagnosis of gingival recession induced by hsv. Dentists should be knowledgeable about the etiology, preva lence and associating factors of gingival recession, as well as treatment options. Enamel loss with exposed dentin due to attrition in normal function, the tubules sclerose and become plugged, and when dentin is cut or abraded the mineralized matrix. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate common etiological factors of gingival recession and hence its treatment andor prevention. Gum recession is a common problem in adults over the age of 40, but it may also occur starting from the age of a teenager, or around the age of 10. Treating gingival recession over the last few years dentistry has. It can lead to dental hypersensitivity, root caries, and tooth loss. Gingival recession, etiology, orthodontic, treatment, free gingival graft.